Lazzaro Spallanzani Essay Example For Students

Lazzaro Spallanzani Essay Lazzaro Spallanzai, was the Italian physiologist who was one of the founders of experimental biology. Born in Scandiano, a small town in the providence of Emilia on Jan. 12, 1729 , Spallanzani was among the many dedicated philosophersof the eighteeth century (Lazzaro 1). His main scientific interests were biological and was a master at mircoscopy,but he also looked into problems of physics,chemistry, geology, and meteorology, and volcanology (Gillispie,1). After attending a local school, Spallazani went at afe fifteen to a Jesuit seminary n Reggio Emilia where he dominated in rhetoric, philosophy, and languages. He left Reggio Emilia in 1749 to study jurisprudence at the ancient University of Bologna, where he expanded is education in mathematics, chemistry, natural history, and aquired a knowledge of French (Asimov,1). For three years he worked toward his docterine in law. In 1753 or 1754 he became a doctor of philosophy. Then, he recieved instructions in metaphysics and theology and took minor orders. Within a few years he became a priest and added himself to two congregations in Modena (Gillispie,2). Spallanzani, in hundreds of experiments tested various rituals for rendering infusions permanently barren and finally found that they remained free of microorganisms when put into flasks that were sealed and the contents boiled for one hour (Lazzaro 1). The entrance of air into the flask through a slight crack in its neck was Patel 2 followed infusoria. He reported no spontaneous generation in strongly heated infusions protected from aerial contamination. In 1765, after cutting up thousands of earthworms and exploiting the ability of the aquatic salamander to regrow its tail, he resolved to nvestigate reproductive phenomena in animals ans plants(Gillispie,3). He proved this by cuting theworms the area that affected the segmental regenerative response. Amputation of the tailwas followed by vascularization of the transparent growing stump. He also established the general law that in susceptible species inverse ratio obtains between the regenerativecapacity and age of the animal. Lazzaro launched countless experiments relating to infusion animalcules and spermatic worms, with result that soon made chimera of thevegetatice force and undermined the docterine of organic molecules; but hese ideasdemanded more attention so they were postponed (Asimove,2). He also found that complex infusoriaare more susceptible to heat and cold than the infinitely minute germ of lower class,whose relative resistance he ascribed to their eggs. In 1777 he publicly demonstrated the great force exerted by the gizzards of fowls and ducks in polverizing hollow glass globules thus confirming Redis century-old account. He studied the circulation of blood through the lungs and experimented on digestive juices, which he observed, were specialized for disgesting different foods. Attempting to discover what art of the semen was essential for generation, he filtered samples from amphibians and discovered that the higher the filteration, the less likely was the development of an egg. Spallanzani had adopted the newchemical docterine that developedfollowing the discoveries, mainly by British chemists, of carbon dioxcide, hydrogen,nitrogen, and oxygen during the period 1755-1774. In 1768 he reported there findings in Prodromo di un opera da imprimersi sopra le riproduzioni animaki, which he intended as a prelude to Patel 3 a major work on animal reproduction (Gillispie,5). Spallanzani in the year of 1788 ourneyed to the Two Sicilies, mainly in order to correct deficiencies in the volcanic collections of the museum. He also went to the volcano Enta and tested the flow of the lava by going five feet close to it. He reported that bellowing gas explosions forced the red hot lava out and ejected massive rocks, which later helped the science of volcanology (Astimov,2). In 1789 to 1790 he climbed the Modense Apennines carrying chemicalappartus for examing the natural gas fires of Barigazzo and the salses. Two years later, he made further studies of eels at Lake Comacchio. In his last experiments he ried to demonstrate how body tissues convert what is now knows as oxygen into carbon dioxide (Gillispie,9). .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 , .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .postImageUrl , .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 , .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0:hover , .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0:visited , .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0:active { border:0!important; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0:active , .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0 .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7dc709be062d74f76b4baeb79b2f3ca0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Skewed vision EssayLazzaro Spallanzani suffered from an unlarged prostate complicated by a chronic bladder infection. On February 11, 1799 shortly after his seventeith birthday, he became anuric and fell unconscious (Lazzaro.. 1). Throughout his life time Spallanzani had recieved many honors, including membership in the ten most distinguished Italian academies, and foreign associateship in a dozen famous European scientific societies. Hed also had his work published in several different volumes (Gillispie,10). Philosophy

Sharon Olds And William Shakespeare Essays - Sonnet 116, Sharon Olds

Sharon Olds And William Shakespeare From the Present to the Future through the Eyes of Love Plato once said, ?At the touch of love everyone becomes a poet.? What is Love? Love is ?an attraction based on sexual desires: affection and tenderness felt by lovers.? (Merriam ? Webster's Dictionary) We see a lot of love, marriage, broken-hearts, lust, and sex in today society but also in poetry we read by great authors. A poem such as Sharon Olds, ?Sex Without Love.? Also from the past that knew the meaning of love through his plays, poems, and especially from his sonnets, William Shakespeare, Sonnet 116 ?Let me not the marriage of true minds.? I will analyze each poem and sonnet and show my own point of view and show the similarities and differences. In Sharon Olds, ?Sex Without Love,? she passionately describes the author's disgust for casual sex. She vividly animates the immortality of lustful sex through her language variety. Olds' clever use of imagery makes this poem come to life. Her frequently uses of similes to make the audience imagine actual events. For example, Olds describes making love as ?Beautiful as dancers.? (Sharon Olds, Line #2) In this line, she questions how one can do such a beautiful act with a person whom one is not in love with. Olds also describes sex as ?gliding over each other like ice skaters over the ice.?(Sharon Olds, Line #3,4) She is referring to sex as a performance. Imagine an ice-skating performance, each ice skater is performing for judges and an audience to win an award. Olds uses this simile to relate people performing for one another. When two people truly are in love, there is no need for any special show or performance. Another simile the author uses is ?As wet as the children at birth wh ose mothers are going to give them away,? (Sharon Olds, Line #6,7,8) to simulate a sweaty lovemaking scene. The simile ?light rising slowly as steam off their joined skin? (Sharon Olds, Line #11,12,13) can also be used to perceive the same image of a hot, sweaty, and passionate love making scene. The author repeatedly questions how two people who are not in love can perform such a spiritual act. The simile ?As wet as the children at birth whose mothers are going to give them away,? can also be used to represent the outcome of lustful copulation. When two people engage in sexual activities, a large percent of the mothers choose to ignore the outcome and either abort or give their children up for adoption. Olds compares the lovers with ?great runners.? (Sharon Olds, Line #18) In this simile, she implies that lovers are alone with their own pleasures. Olds' questions this selfishness throughout the poem. How can two people be alone in pleasure, when sex is supposed to be both physicall y and emotionally shared between lovers? Olds uses hyperbole to describe her belief that sex and God are entwined. ?These are the true religions, the priest, the pros, the one who will not accept a false Messiah, love the priest instead of the God.? (Sharon Olds, Lines #13-17) In these lines she says that sex is more than pleasure, and if one is merely using sex for pleasure they are accepting a false God. She describes people as hypocrites who claim to love the lord, yet engage in immoral sex. In the lines, ?How do they come to the / come to the / come to the / God / come to the / still waters, and not love / the one who came there with them,? (Sharon Olds, Lines #8-11) Olds describes two people climaxing. The choice of words wet, come, still waters, and came add to the suggestion of this climax. Olds uses the sexual imagery to address her subject as well as to convey a sense of intimacy. Olds' perceives sex as spiritual, and wonders how people can bring a person with whom they are not in love with before God. Olds uses hyperbole to share her disgust of casual sex with her audience. Sharon Olds clearly despises people who engage in sex without being in love. She is able to emphasize her view in a

Writing A Police Officer Essay Sample

Writing A Police Officer Essay SampleStudents who are in college or graduating high school should be familiar with the idea of writing an essay on police officer interview scenarios. This is a good skill to have, as most employers require that students know the answers to at least some of the questions asked in police interview scenarios. There are many questions asked in this type of interview, but students should learn how to answer all of them correctly, as being unprepared may cause you to miss out on a great job opportunity.For example, students should know how to prepare a police officer essay sample for each scenario they will be asked to write. The format should follow a certain pattern, such as starting the essay with questions about the student's education, work experience, and so on. Students should then address the police officer scenarios in each paragraph. They should start by discussing each scenario, describe what happened, and write down their thoughts on each topic. Students can use a police officer essay sample to brainstorm ideas for each topic. They can then create a formal, more detailed essay on that topic. They should end each paragraph with an appropriate conclusion that lists the topics covered and the reasons for the student's conclusions. The topics should include things like the student's role in the situation, if there were any outside factors, and the other people involved. After this, students should add a few details, as well as include an interesting fact, such as anything the student has seen in real life that would help the person to answer the questions asked in the police interview scenario.Police officer essay sample can be short, or very long. Depending on the length of the essay, it may be necessary to make several copies. These copies may be distributed to potential employers.If students plan to use a police officer essay sample to write a research paper, they should include this information in the body of the essay. The se papers should also include a few examples of police officer essay samples, which students can use to reference. They should also note what kind of information was included in each essay, as well as information that are unique to the research topic.Students should remember that the police officer essay sample is only one example of possible police officer scenarios. The same things should be considered for all scenarios. Students should not try to add a particular twist to each scenario. Instead, they should consider the major points and the main issues in each scenario.A student who is unsure of how to begin and write a police officer essay sample should use the tips and guidelines provided by some schools. Usually, the guidance counselor for the college will be able to provide these materials, so students should consult with this person before beginning the project. This person may be able to provide information on the student's school or major, or help a student to determine th e type of essay that will be most suitable for the college.Police officer essay sample can be very helpful in preparing for a career in law enforcement. Students should know how to write these kinds of essays, and they should also have an idea of what questions to ask in a police interview.

6 reasons you need to quit your jobâ€now

6 reasons you need to quit your job- now If you hate your job, most people will tell you to stick it out for a number of very reasonable reasons. They’ll try to convince you that it’s not so bad, that you can make lemonade, that it takes lots of time to plan another move. Here, however, are 6 reasons why you should think about actually quitting  sooner rather than later. We know that some things are not worth sticking out even another week.1. It’s making you physically ill.Your body is literally done with the place. Your stomach is in knots, you have headaches, you feel anxious and depressed at work- or even at the thought of going into work. Listen to your body. This job is wearing you down. The stress is making you sick. Staying at a job like this can have really bad long-term effects on your overall health and happiness.2. The best you can hope for is mediocrity.If you aren’t being given sufficient opportunities to grow or challenges that allow you to stretch your abilities, chances are you won’t excel- personally or professionally. You’ll continue to be bored, your work will be mediocre, and your self-esteem will have nowhere to go but down. Is that the best you can expect (or want) for yourself?3. You’ve stayed way too long- and everyone knows it.Do you get the sense that your job has effectively passed its sell-by date and you’ve outgrown the position? When you think of doing the same tasks you’ve been doing for ages, does it leave a rotten taste in your mouth? If this sounds familiar, there’s a good chance your job has run its course. Why are you sticking around? You have the experience and skills, so come up with a plan  now for how you can use them to get a promotion or new position that deserves the new you.4.   You have dreams of entrepreneurship.You really want to go out on your own, have a great business idea, and are sick of working for other people and pushing papers around. Take a deep breath and put yourself i nto position to take a shot at your dream. If you fail, you can always go back, but if you never try you’ll never know what’s out there for you.5. Your boss is terrible.Bad bosses never get better or more bearable. If there’s no way for you to move to a different department or get promoted to a new manager, then you’re just signing yourself up for endless, daily misery by staying under your toxic boss.6. Your good reputation is fading fast.You’re miserable, so you’re calling in sick all the time. You’ve had a few public confrontations with your boss. Your work has begun to suffer. Leave now before your formerly stellar reputation starts to slide.Ask yourself: can you survive (i.e. pay rent and bills and feed yourself) if you were to quit today? If the answer is yes, go forth and quit. Make sure you have some vague idea of how to line a job up for yourself next month, but focus on getting out of a bad situation this month. You might fi nd that actually quitting forces you to make the changes you need to end up where you really want to be.

Basics of collective bargaining and its effects within globalisation

Basics of collective bargaining and its effects within globalisation a. What may McDonalds have considered in order to establish their approaches to collective bargaining in both Germany and the UK? To answer the above question we first need to know about basics of collective bargaining where Collective Bargaining is defined as the process of turning disagreements into agreements in an orderly fashion. Collective bargaining is the process followed to establish a mutually agreed set of rules and decisions between unions and employers for matters relating to employment. This is a regulating process dealing with the regulation of management and conditions of employment. Collective bargaining is used as the negotiation process between employees and employers with unions acting as the representatives of employees. The entire process depends on the bargaining powers of the concerned parties. The process of collective bargaining is to settles down any conflicts regarding the conditions of employment such as wages, working hours and conditions, overtime paym ents, holidays, vacations, benefits, insurance benefits etc. and management regulations. Players involved in collective bargaining: Employees Management Corporate organization Unions In line with the above definition McDonald’s may have considered the approach and settings of collective bargains as an important issue of employee relations. The German setting and approach McDonald’s may have considered establishing their approaches to collective bargaining in Germany: The traditional collective approach to Employee Relations (ER) in German companies is deeply rooted in the particular configuration of the German Industrial Relations (IR) system. This is characterized by a high degree of regulation and a dense, encompassing institutional infrastructure that imposes a uniform set of institutional constraints on companies, but at the same time provides incentives for employers to accept institutional constraints (Lane, 1995; Soskice, 1994). McDonalds, to establish its appro aches to collective bargaining this ER and IR framework may have been considered in first instance. In addition, the institutional structure is highly integrated with strong linkages, not only within the IR system, but also to the wider German businesses system. Key elements of the German model, to which the majority of German companies subscribe, are the centrally co-ordinated sector based collective bargaining system and employee representation at domestic level via the works council system equipped with statutory participation and consultation rights. Food industry in Germany is not beyond this mechanism where McDonald’s considerations regarding collective bargaining approach must have encompassed with statutory participation and employee consultation and codetermination rights. Indeed, German employers have to negotiate a densely structured institutional framework inside and outside the company level. The German approach to collective bargaining is also underwritten by st rong labor market legislation and an elaborate welfare system. Despite growing interest in individual bargaining style direct employee involvement mechanisms, their uptake has so far been comparably modest in German companies (Sperling, 1997). Because of the wide ranging rights of information, consultation and co-determination in the German food industry, the use of individual voice mechanisms is relatively unimportant in the German setting where collective bargaining still has the paramount influence. Therefore, in the international context, McDonald’s may have considered a propensity to support a collective approach to ER in their international operations by recognizing trade unions, engaging in collective bargaining and establishing strong workplace level employee representation systems.

Discharge plan and Legislation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Discharge plan and Legislation - Essay Example A typical scenario involves the screening of hospital records for Mr. Sharma within 24 hours of admission to identify if he is a high risk patient who requires discharge planning. A typical high risk criteria might include factors like being age 65 and older and living alone with no immediate social supports. Prior to being admitted to the hospital Mr. Sharma had a care giver who visited morning and evening. This is expected to continue after discharge. However, there are additional complications that will require the need for additional assistance. Mr. Sharma is now recovering from a stroke and is undergoing therapy to help in the process. Additionally, Mr. Sharma has a wound which he acquired on getting the stroke. This wound is slow to heal. Further, Mr. Sharma has mild osteo-arthritis which appears stable but may later cause pains and therefore curtain his movements significantly. This discharge plan relates to 87 year old Mr. Sharma who has a history of minor strokes, Type 2 dia betes which is diet controlled; and a past history of hypertension which has been well controlled with the use of the medication, bendrofluumethiazide. Mr. Sharma also has mild osteo-arthritis which appears stable. In his recent bout of stroke Mr. Sharma stumbled and fell resulting in a wound to his leg. The wound became infected and has been slow to heal. Additionally, on his admission to hospital Mr. Sharma’s blood sugar level was raised to 10mmol g per litre. Mr Sharma has been in hospital for the past ten days and based on the results of tests has made a good recovery. He is very keen on going back home and so it is important that a proper discharge plan be done. This plan should include health care officials at the hospital, social services, his caregiver, Mr. Sharma and his family. During discharge from hospital the Caregiver for Mr. Sharma should be consulted. The caregiver’s comments should be taken into consideration and both Mr. Sharma and his caregiver shoul d receive a copy of the discharge plan for Mr. Sharma detailing the care that is required. According to the British Geriatrics Society (2006), older people who have been discharged from hospital and are living in a community have higher levels of dependency as well as more complex health and social care needs than other patient groups. Mr Sharma is 87 and falls in this group. He has complex problems which include hypertension, Type 2 diabetes and a wound to his leg which he obtained when he stumbled after suffering a recent stroke. This infection has been slow to heal. There is no present sign of infection but it will require special care on discharge. There are a number of problems that 87 year old Mr. Sharma is likely to face on discharge, some of which should be dealt with before discharge. They include management of diet, exercise, wound care to prevent re-infection, and proper use of medication. It has been suggested that Mr. Sharma starts to attend a local Expert Patient Progr amme in his community which will be organised by the community matron. This will have an impact on planning. Discharge arrangements are dependent on social services, health authorities, NHS trusts and primary care groups/trusts BGS (2006). Mr. Sharma should be involved early in the assessment process and care plans should offer them real choice. Carers are also entitled by law to receive if they require an

Culture Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Culture Development - Essay Example A few examples include the learning a belief, way of doing things, even if they do not share a biological relationship which has led to development of the human "instincts". According to anthropologist, culture is not a product of biological evolution, but it is rather a mean of human adaptation to the world. Culture enables humans to change rapidly to the physical changes in the earth. The cultural phenomena is universal however, cultural adaptations changes from place to place with different set of meanings from place to place and people to people. As the culture has a symbolic system, it meanings also differs from place to place with changing beliefs, myths, rituals, tools making, house design, living and eating habits. A few anthropologists differentiate between symbolic and material culture, however since 1980 majority of archeologists agree, that the symbolic culture and material culture are interwoven and symbolic culture is expressed through material culture. Culture normally has certain unique characteristics such as: (a) symbols, which is an abstract way of referring to objects, ideas and feelings with the help of language;(b) culture is shared with in a group; (c) culture is not hereditary, but learned, even though people differ biologically, culturally they can have similar habits and behaviour; and Human being compr(d) Culture is adaptive. People use culture to quickly adjust and adopt to the changes in the world. Culture as a symbol Human being comprehends and communicates in symbols. It is these symbols, which allow people to develop complex ideas and thoughts with other people and language and arts are symbolic in nature, which makes it easier than gestures to express human emotions through symbols. A symbol some times has a relation or may not have any association with an object or idea. For example for Americans, the combination of white, blue and red colour has special meaning, the people in China consider red colour sacred one. In reality such colour may not have any practical purpose, but if these colour are combined in a shape of flag, people are willing to die for it as it stands as a symbol of honour for a nation. In order to convey, new ideas, human being has to constantly create new symbols and add more meanings to their expressions and feelings. Sometimes, one word is used to convey an idea, and some times combination of words are used to convey some deeper meaning. Human beings right from birth are able to construct and comprehend such complex symbols. Language provides a mean to store and communicate such expression, but some times it exceeds the capacity of the non-human animal. For example Chimpanzees, which are the closest genetic relative to human have few unique calls and gestures to communicate with each other. Chimpanzee in the lab experiments have been taught to communicate in sign language and were able to master a vocabulary of few hundred words, however chimpanzees do not have developed vocal tract like human beings. Culture through Learning Human beings are not born with culture, it is rather learned by living in a society. In all human societies children learn culture by imitating adults through the process of enculturation, which takes years to complete. In all human societies, children learn culture from adults and this process is called enculturation, or cultural transmission. However, it is not only